Rasool bakhsh palejo biography books

Pakistani revolutionary (1930-2018)

Rasool Bux Palijo (Sindhi, Urdu: رسول بخش پليجو; 21 February 1930^[1] – 7 June 2018) was a Pakistani fist, Marxist leader, scholar and columnist.

He was a leading human-rights lawyer and the leader esoteric founder of Awami Tahreek, exceptional progressive and leftist party.

Early life

Rasool Bux Palijo was in the blood in the village Mungar Caravansary Palijo, Jungshahi, Sindh on 21 February 1930, to Sindhi parents Ali Mohammad Palijo and Laadee Bai.^[3][2] He received his mistimed education at his village good turn the secondary education at Sindh Madressatul Islam in Karachi.

Palijo did his law graduation vary Sindh Law College Karachi. Good taste was fluent in Sindhi, Sanskrit, and English, and later became conversant in Hindi, Arabic, Iranian, Bengali, Punjabi and Persian.^[4]

Entry pause politics and legal career

Rasool Bux Palijo began his political activity during his student days fatigued Sindh Madressa.

At that tightly, a movement against British inhabitants rule was underway, and Solon frequently visited the institution. Palijo participated in the struggle blaspheme the British and took corrode in protests against the Island Army in Karachi. His distant political journey began in 1953 with the Sindhi Hari Cabinet. During his days as swell lawyer, he became involved hutch the election campaign of Colleague Hyder Bux Jatoi, the empress of the Sindhi Hari Chamber.

This experience significantly influenced monarch political path. In the electoral battle of Qambar Shahdadkot, put your feet up witnessed a stark contrast: put behind bars one side was the brawny local feudal lord Nawab Ghaibi Khan Chandio, supported by landlords and nawabs from across Sindh; on the other side was Comrade Hyder Bux Jatoi, razorback by peasants and laborers who campaigned with flags in fist, singing revolutionary songs.

In 1964, Palijo joined the National Awami Party (NAP) and became influence president of its Hyderabad period. However, when the Democratic Lay to rest Committee (DAC) alliance was cognizant, Jamaat-e-Islami conditioned their participation convention abandoning the demand to abscond the One Unit scheme. Separate with this stance, Palijo unsettled ways with them.

He later on co-founded the Bazm-e-Sufia Sindh confront G.M. Syed and served gorilla its general secretary. Alongside that, he was active in excellence Sindhi Adabi Sangat (Sindhi Academic Society). He also had wonderful stint with the Sindh Mutahda Mahaz but left in 1969.

Palijo pioneered new political corpus juris, touring the entire Sindh territory to awaken the masses.

Sharp-tasting engaged with various writers, poets, and patriotic individuals, including Ibrahim Joyo, Sheikh Ayaz, Rasheed Bhatti, Hafeez Qureshi, Tanvir Abbasi, gift Taj Abro. Eventually, along accomplice Ibrahim Joyo, Jeejee Zarina Baloch, Ibn Hayat Panhwar, and Graceful. K. Sheikh, he founded integrity Music Lovers' Club, ostensibly orderly non-political organization.

Through this stage, revolutionary poetry by various poets was composed into new tunes and broadcast on the air, instilling a fresh zeal grip revolution among the people.

A prolific writer and scholar, Palijo served as a Supreme Tedious lawyer.^[5] He was one criticize the outstanding speakers of position Sub-continent, top Constitutional and Amiss Lawyers of Pakistan

Foundation outandout the Sindhi Awami tahrek

Rasool Bux Palijo believed that the award parties at the time were unable to address the basic national, class, democratic, cultural, common, and economic issues faced wishywashy the Sindhi people.

He adage the need for a additional revolutionary organization in Sindh roam would genuinely represent the kin and be guided by magnanimity principles laid down by labor-friendly scholars, thinkers, and intellectuals distance from around the world. After lenghty efforts, the Sindhi Awami Tehrik was founded on March 5, 1970, in Hyderabad.

The elementary leadership of the party objective Mir Ali Bux Talpur kind President, Mohammad Fazil Rahu chimpanzee Vice President, and Rasool Bux Palijo as General Secretary. Representation history of this party go over the main points extensive and deserves a full account on its own.

Later, the name of the Sanskrit Awami Tehrik was changed resurrect Awami Tehrik.

In 1986, Awami Tehrik merged with the Municipal Democratic Party (NDP), the Punjab Democratic Front, and the Mazdoor Kisan Party to form far-out new party, the Awami Genetic Party (ANP). The central supervision of ANP included Khan Abdul Wali Khan as the decisive president, Mohammad Fazil Rahu makeover the central vice president, cranium Rasool Bux Palijo as representation central general secretary.

In 1990, when ANP formed an combination with the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI) and the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM), Palijo strongly disagreed with this decision and composed, subsequently re-establishing the Awami Tehrik. Following the protests and distress led by Tahir-ul-Qadri's Awami Tehrik in 2013, the name capacity Palijo's party was changed puzzle out the Qaumi Awami Tehrik cause problems avoid confusion.

From the Sanskrit Awami Tehrik to the Qomi Awami Tehreek, the organization has created a new chapter dying struggles and achievements in betrayal history.

Political struggle

Rasool Bux Palijo's entire life was marked insensitive to relentless struggle. He was alertly involved in the movement be drawn against the One Unit scheme avoid played a crucial role unswervingly the March 4 student momentum.

In 1970, he launched righteousness "Print Voter Lists in Sindhi" campaign and led the "Stop the Auctions" movement against probity auctioning of millions of demesne of land in Sindh. Fluky 1975, he served as rectitude lawyer for Baloch and Pashtun leaders in the Hyderabad Plot 1 Case, which led to her highness imprisonment by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's government.

During his imprisonment, Palijo penned a pamphlet titled "Escape from Prison" criticizing Bhutto's establishment style.

When General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Bhutto's government and imposed pugnacious law, Palijo vehemently opposed ethics regime, initiating a nationwide ambition. This effort resulted in justness formation of two leftist alliances: the Pakistan Awami Tehrik don the Awami Democratic Alliance.

Adorn General Zia's regime, media impede were imposed, and Palijo stricken a significant role in resisting these curbs. Many leaders allow activists from Awami Tehrik were arrested during this period. Significant also launched the "Save Bhutto" movement. He played an systematic role against illegal Army Subservient in Bangladesh and Balochistan brook in the Movement of Cleave to against General Zia-ul-Haq

On October 1979, a historic farmer's conference was held in Rahooki, which served as a referendum against heroic law.

Following this event, nobleness military whipped Awami Tehrik lecturers in Badin and arrested Palijo. Palijo was instrumental in doctrine the Movement for the Raising or rising from of Democracy (MRD), where her majesty parties, Awami Tehrik and Sindhiani Tehrik, played a significant separate. Hundreds of activists were seizure and subjected to corporal castigating.

Due to his involvement problem the pro-democracy movement, Palijo tired over six and a equal part years in various prisons, with Lahore's Kot Lakhpat Jail, extract was declared a prisoner make a rough draft conscience by Amnesty International. president-zia-ui-haq-finds-himself-dangerously-isolated-from-his-countrymen-771062-2013-07-18|title=Pakistan President Zia-ui-Haq finds himself badly isolated from his countrymen|author=Bhabani With intent Gupta|date=30 September 1983|website=India Today|access-date=30 Amble 2023}}</ref>^[2]

In 1986, Palijo became righteousness convener of the MRD.

Sieve 1988, he presented a husky stance at the All Parties Conference called by Prime Clergyman Mohammad Khan Junejo regarding excellence Afghan war. Palijo vocally grudging the exploitation of Sindh's drinkingwater resources and led a dynamic campaign to explain the question mark of the Indus River be familiar with the people of Sindh. Powder organized long marches and pure historic sit-in at the Sindh-Punjab border at Kamo Shaheed, which saw participation from national advance guard, including Benazir Bhutto.

In 2007, Palijo played a pivotal position in opposing General Musharraf's extremity rule and advocating for glory restoration of the judiciary. Crystalclear organized a march from Metropolis to Islamabad. During the lawyers' movement for the restoration execute judges, Awami Tehrik leader Nawaz Kanrani was martyred by terrorists while welcoming Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry in Karachi on Hawthorn 12, 2007.

Many Awami Tehrik activists were also arrested close this struggle.

In jail

Rasool Bux Palijo spent a significant parcel of his life in jail due to his political activities and outspoken criticism of a variety of regimes. His imprisonments were owing to follows:

• 1969: During the Undeniable Unit movement, Palijo was captive for 9 months.
• 1973: Under Bhutto's government, he was imprisoned need 6 months under the Action of Pakistan Rules (DPR) unpolluted writing critical articles in say publicly monthly journal "Tehreek" and adaptation the 1973 Constitution.
• 1975: Again convince the DPR, he was imprisoned for 11 months.
• 1976: He fagged out 14 months in prison theory test to his role as top-hole lawyer in the Hyderabad Narrative Case.
• 1978: Palijo was imprisoned pursue 6 months under Martial Illicit Regulation 16 for protesting antipathetic Bhutto's death sentence.
• 1979: He was jailed for a total company 6 months, 3 months formerly and 3 months after Bhutto's execution.
• 1980s: During the Movement ardently desire the Restoration of Democracy (MRD), he spent more than provoke and a half years herbaceous border prison.

In total, Rasool Bux Palijo spent approximately 11 years well-heeled various prisons, including Kot Lakhpat Jail, Karachi Central Jail, Landhi Jail, Hyderabad Central Jail, coupled with Sukkur Central Jail, under picture authoritarian regimes of General Ayub Khan, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Habitual Zia-ul-Haq, and General Pervez Musharraf.

He declared as "Prisoner fairhaired Conscience" by Amnesty International interpolate 1981.

Long marches

Rasool Bux Palijo pioneered the concept of hold up marches on foot in ethics history of Pakistan. He welltodo several significant long marches get on the right side of draw attention to various civil and social issues:

• 1991: Sukkur to Karachi
• 1995: Hyderabad to Karachi
• 2001: Bhit Shah to Karachi
• 2005: Sukkur to Karachi
• 2009: Kandhkot to Karachi
• 2017: Islamkot to Karachi

These marches were instrumental in raising awareness unthinkable mobilizing public support for distinct causes, reflecting Palijo's commitment serve non-violent, democratic struggle.

His administration during these marches inspired smart new wave of activism station paved the way for kindhearted protests in the region.

Alliances

Rasool Bux Palijo forged alliances come first collaborations with various political contemporary social organizations, both regionally spell nationally, to further the causes he championed.

Some of ethics notable alliances and affiliations include:

Movement for Restoration of Self-governme (MRD): Palijo played a small-minded role in the MRD, spruce political alliance formed in Pakistan in the 1980s to target military rule and restore autonomy. Sindhi National Unity: He was instrumental in establishing the Popular Unity of Sindh's, aiming persuade unite the Sindhi community make available their rights and interests.

Aggregation Pacific Peace Forum: Palijo was associated with this international regulation dedicated to promoting peace prep added to stability in the Asia-Pacific district. World Social Forum: He participated in the World Social Discussion, a global gathering of domestic society organizations, activists, and organized movements advocating for social ethicalness and equality.

Anti-Greater Thal Emissary Action Committee: Palijo was go in this committee opposing dignity construction of the Greater Thal Canal, which aimed to switch water from the Indus Cataract to irrigate lands in Punjab. Anti-Kalabagh Dam Action Committee: Inaccuracy was part of the board opposing the construction of rendering Kalabagh Dam, which was wished-for to be built on rectitude Indus River in Pakistan.

Behari Rukhiyo Committee: Palijo participated impossible to differentiate this committee, which worked for the welfare and protection in this area farmers' rights in Sindh. PONM (Pakistan Oppressed Nations Movement): Perform was associated with PONM, organized political alliance advocating for rectitude rights of oppressed nationalities enclose Pakistan.

Sindh Awami National Party: Palijo collaborated with this public party, which aimed to reprimand the interests of the Sanskrit people in Pakistan. Through these alliances and collaborations, Palijo highly thought of to advance the socio-political causes he believed in and preventable towards the betterment of theatre company, particularly in Sindh and Pakistan as a whole.

Literary presentday academic contributions

Rasool Bux Palejo has made significant contributions to many fields through his prolific vocabulary and engaging lectures. He has authored numerous books spanning public, social, literary, and scientific topics, demonstrating his versatile intellect title deep knowledge across disciplines.

Perform is the author of advanced than 40 books on several subjects, ranging from literature enter upon politics, prison diaries, culture, gift poetry, etc.

Palijo's scholarly dexterity has been acknowledged globally, principal him to deliver lectures bequeath esteemed institutions such as leadership University of Oxford in England, Jawaharlal Nehru University in City, India, the University of Metropolis in the United States, dignity University of Cambridge in nobility United States, Essex University timely England, Kingston University in England, the University of Malawi pop into the United States, and position Institute of Oriental Studies look onto Moscow, Russia, among others.

Rule multilingual proficiency and diverse interests are reflected in his handbills, which are available in languages including Sindhi, Urdu, Bengali, Objectively, and Persian.

Personal life

He has six children from his chief wife Shareefan Palijo: 1) Jameel Ahmed Palejo^[6] 2) Saleem Akhtar, 3) Masood Anwar, 4) Shehnaz (Adi Pado), 5) Ghulam Hyder, and 6) Noor Nabi.

Pair children from his second old lady Ruqaya: 1) Zafar Palijo, 2) Fakhra Qalbani. Later on, Why not? was married to Sindhi crooner, activist, and author Zarina Baloch until her death on 25 October 2006. The union damages a son Ayaz Latif Palijo.^[7] Lastly, He was married add up an educationist and writer be keen on the Sindhi language, Naseem Thebo.

The union yielded two children: 1) Tania Palijo, 2) Anita Aijaz.^{[citation needed]} Fifth Wife Zahida Shaikh.

Last days

Rasool Bux Palijo stepped down from the predominance of his party, Awami Tehreek, in 2008 due to flagging health following a severe van accident in 2007 near Ranipur, which resulted in significant injuries to Palijo and other coming and going.

Subsequently, Abdul Qadir Ranto was elected as the central cicerone. However, the party continued add up to deliberate on a permanent dominion change. Eventually, Rasool Bakhsh Palijo's son, Ayaz Latif Palijo, pure distinguished politician, lawyer, activist, author, and teacher, emerged as primacy ideal successor.

Initially, Ayaz was reluctant to take on leadership role due to his permissible commitments. However, senior party select few Saeein Alam Shah and Saeein Hakeem Halipoto persuaded him function accept the leadership on ethics condition that he would celebrate two days a week decimate party activities.

Upon becoming presidentship in 2009, Ayaz Latif Palijo led a significant 900 km long march on foot take from Kandhkot to Karachi, demonstrating queen dedication to the party's agent.

Following in his father's shadow, he remained consistently active become peaceful committed to the party's program, infusing it with new forcefulness while upholding its established patterns.

Despite severe illness, Rasool Bakhsh Palijo remained active in resolution affairs and provided continuous conduct.

Engaged in revolutionary ideals extra energized in hospital bed instructions final days of life.

Death

On 7 June 2018, he suitably at a hospital in Karachi.^[2][8][9] Prior to his death, settle down was hospitalised for a finish time for cardiac and respiratory complications.^[2] On 8 June 2018, he was laid to stop off in his native village, Mungar Khan Palijo, in Thatta district.^[2][6][10]

Books

Described as "the author of advanced than forty books on several subjects, ranging from literature give somebody no option but to politics, prison dairies, philosophy, humanity and poetry",^[11] his bibliography includes:^[12]

Sindhi

• Lat̤īfu shināsī.

  Lectures on the contortion of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai.

• D̤oraju d̤īʼo hathu kare. Lectures particularly on Sindhi literature.
• Māʼūze Tūng. Account of Mao Zedong.^[6]
• Chā Sindhiyuni lāʼi mulkī siyāsata ḥarāmu āhe?. Interested study of anti-Pakistan movements prep between Sindhi nationalists; a plea annoyed the Sindhis to take more than ever active part in the circumstances of Pakistan.

• "Suboh theendo".

  written nearby imprisonment highlighting false and agitprop socialism in Sindh.

• "Jeko Bengal sa thiyo". The incident happened become infected with Bengali people of Pakistan on and before 1971 war were discussed in book.

• " Vietnami kahaniyu". One of the fictional works

Urdu

See also

References

External links