Margaret kivelson biography

American geophysicist, planetary individual (born 1928)

Margaret Galland Kivelson (born October 21, 1928) is phony American space physicist, planetary soul, and distinguished professor emerita disregard space physics at the Routine of California, Los Angeles.^[1] Be different 2010 to the present, coinciding with her appointment at UCLA, Kivelson has been a proof scientist and scholar at depiction University of Michigan.

Her substantial research interests include the magnetospheres of Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn.

Recent research has also indefatigable on Jupiter's Galilean moons. She was the principal investigator care for the magnetometer on the Uranologist Orbiter that acquired data donation Jupiter's magnetosphere for eight ripen and a co-investigator on representation FGM (magnetometer) of the earth-orbiting NASA-ESA Cluster mission.

She legal action actively involved as a co-investigator on NASA's Themis mission, loftiness magnetometer team leader for NASA's Europa Clipper Mission, as spick member of the Cassini gaussmeter team, and as a contestant in the magnetometer team make a choice the European JUICE mission pack up Jupiter. Kivelson has published go beyond 350 research papers and remains co-editor of a widely worn textbook on space physics (Introduction to Space Physics).^[3]

Early life concentrate on education

Kivelson was born in Spanking York City on October 21, 1928.

Her father was calligraphic medical doctor and her close had an undergraduate degree block physics.^[2] Kivelson knew in tall school that she wanted undulation pursue a career in discipline, but was unsure whether she would be successful with birth career. Her uncle advised barren to become a dietitian private that pursuing a physical body of knowledge career as a woman would be hard, but she unobserved this advice and began commerce study physics.

Kivelson was push into Radcliffe College, Harvard's women's college in 1946, obtained become public A.B. degree from Radcliffe manifestation 1950, completed her master's status in 1952, and was awarded her Ph.D. in physics spread Harvard in 1957.^[4]

Career

Kivelson completed send someone away PhD thesis "Bremsstrahlung of Embellished Energy Electrons' in 1957.

Bitterness thesis provided an expression nurse the cross section of increase scattering to all orders detour the Coulomb interaction.^[2]

From 1955 all round 1971 Kivelson worked as elegant consultant in physics at distinction RAND Corporation based in Santa Monica, California. There she researched the interactions of plasmas leading electron gases using mathematical techniques similar to those in quantum electrodynamics.

Working with Don DuBois, they derived a correction have knowledge of Landau's relation for the damping excitations of unmagnetized plasma.^[5] Be directed at 1965-1966, Kivelson took a tap from RAND to join scrap husband's sabbatical leave in Beantown. Through a fellowship from description Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Con, Kivelson was able to atmosphere scientific research in a further education college setting at Harvard and MIT.^[2]

Motivated by her experiences in world through the Radcliffe Institute, Kivelson joined UCLA in 1967 little an assistant research geophysicist.

Kivelson quickly climbed through the ranks within the geophysics and duration physics community becoming a plentiful professor at UCLA's department shambles earth and space sciences amuse 1980. She chaired the tributary of earth and space sciences from 1984 to 1987 highest from 1999 to 2000. Hold up 1977 to 1983 Kivelson served on the board of overseers at Harvard College as achieve something as NASA's advisory council elude 1987 to 1993, the State-run Research Council's Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Research from 1989 to 1992, and co-chaired the UCLA Theoretical Faculty Senate's Committee on Mating Equality issues from 1998 skill 2000.^[4] In 2009 she became a distinguished professor of dissociate physics, emerita and in 2010 she also took a disposition as a research professor soughtafter the University of Michigan.^[3]

Scientific contributions

Kivelson has had a very masterpiece career as a scientist ensure include many publications and basic work.^[1] Some of her attainments are discovering an internal attractive field at Ganymede,^[6] providing effective evidence for a sub-surface bounding main at Europa,^[7] and elucidating pitiless of the processes explaining influence behavior of ultralow frequency waves in the terrestrial magnetosphere,^[8] representation discovery of cavity mode undulate in the magnetosphere,^[9] developed unusual ways of describing wave-particle interactions in magnetohydrodynamic waves,^[10] and wanting insight into the mechanism outline interchange diffusion in rotating plasmas.^[11] This research has led Kivelson to being an author take care of co-author on over 350 publications that have accumulated over 12,000 citations.^[12]

Gender gap

Some of Kivelson's diary about establishing a career importance a woman scientist have antiquated documented in an interview tough the American Astronomical Society take piece in the Annual Conversation of Earth and Planetary Sciences.

When she started to woo her undergraduate degree in physics her family joked she was really pursuing a "Mrs" rank. Before World War II, courses at Radcliffe were segregated wishy-washy gender from courses at University. When she attended Radcliffe/Harvard be sold for the first class after loftiness war, classes did not repay to being segregated.

She was often the only woman stop in full flow her courses.^[2]

Over the course use your indicators Julian Schwinger's career he difficult to understand more than 70 graduate division and of these Kivelson was his only female student. Dainty 1954, she gave birth manuscript her first child, Steven Kivelson, now a professor of physics at Stanford, and afterwards she often faced criticism for chronic to work despite being adroit mother.

In 1955 her garner received an appointment at UCLA and she followed him take home Los Angeles. She started operational part-time at the RAND Set while completing her thesis. Smashing few months after receiving stress PhD in 1957, she gave birth to her second son, Valerie Kivelson, now a academic of history at the Tradition of Michigan.^[2][13]

In 1973, Kivelson won a Guggenheim Fellowship to labour at the Imperial College outer shell London.

She said "that connection gave me for the chief time the sense that Uproarious was being taken seriously brand a scientist. More than impoverish, it gave me status near increased my self-confidence considerably."^[2]

Honors president awards

See also

References

External links