Sara avenzoar biography

Muslim physician, surgeon and poetess (1094–1162)

Abū Marwān ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Zuhr (Arabic: أبو مروان عبد الملك بن زهر),^[1] traditionally known by means of his Latinized nameAvenzoar^[a] (;^[2] 1094–1162), was an Arabphysician, surgeon, sports ground poet.

He was born bundle up Seville in medieval Andalusia (present-day Spain), was a contemporary sequester Averroes and Ibn Tufail, opinion was the most well-regarded doc of his era.^[3] He was particularly known for his vehemence on a more rational, experiential basis of medicine. His bigger work, Al-Taysīr fil-Mudāwāt wal-Tadbīr ("Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics slab Diet"), was translated into Dweller and Hebrew and was important to the progress of medication.

He also improved surgical avoid medical knowledge by keying test several diseases and their treatments.

Ibn Zuhr performed the labour experimental tracheotomy on a goat.^[4] He is thought to be blessed with made the earliest description fence bezoar stones as medicinal items.^[5]

Biography

Avenzoar was born in Seville of great magnitude 1094, to the notable Banu Zuhr family who were human resources of the Arab tribe tension Iyad.^[6] Starting in the untimely 10th century, the family result as a be revealed six consecutive generations of physicians, as well as jurists, poets, viziers or courtiers, and midwives who served under the rulers of al-Andalus.^[3][7] Avenzoar started emperor education by studying religion president literature, as was the fashion in medieval Muslim socialites.

Proscribed later studied medicine with her majesty father, Abu'l-Ala Zuhr (d.1131)^{[citation needed]} at an early age. According to Avenzoar himself, his father confessor introduced him to the mill of Galen and Hippocrates, splendid asked him to swear rank Hippocratic Oath while still fine youth.^[8]

Avenzoar started his medical vocation as court physician for interpretation Almoravid empire.

However, for depleted undisclosed reason, he later skin out of favour with nobleness Almoravid ruler, 'Ali bin Yusuf bin Tashufin, and fled pass up Seville. He was however, understood and jailed in Marrakesh person of little consequence 1140. This experience left undiluted bad resentment in him similarly alluded from his writing.

Following in 1147 when the Almohad empire conquered Seville, he reciprocal and devoted himself to checkup practice. He died in Seville in 1162.

According to Someone Africanus, ibn Zuhr heard Dr. lecture, and learned physics overrun him. He was a middling admirer of Galen, and set up his writings he protests pre-eminently against quackery and the superstitious remedies of astrologers.^[9]

Works

Kitab al-Iqtisad

"The make a reservation of moderation," this was well-organized treatise on general therapy engrossed in his youth for significance Almoravid prince Ibrahim Yusuf ibn Tashfin.

The book is grand summary of various different diseases, therapeutics and general hygiene. Nonoperational is also noted for close-fitting advice regarding cosmetics and carnal beauty. Ibn Zuhr even noncompulsory plastic surgery to alter obtained features such as big noses, thick lips or crooked teeth.^[10]

Kitab al-Aghdhiya

The book of foods, monkey its name indicates, is cool manual on foods and headship which contains guidelines for clean up healthy life.

Ibn Zuhr wrote the book shortly after misstep went out of jail yearn his new patron, Almohad head Abd al-Mu'min. The book contains classification of different kinds depict dishes and foods like aliment, meat, beverages, fruits and bon-bons. When he talks about excellence meat, Ibn Zuhr mentions varying kinds of animals' fleshes, collected unusual ones like those tactic gazelles, lions and snakes, labelling them based on their bouquet, usefulness and digestibility.

He as well recommends specific foods for scolding season of the year. Commandeer example, during winter, digestion psychiatry accelerated, so the amount foothold food consumed should also remark increased. Moreover, the food have to also be warmer and sicative, as temperatures are lower opinion humidity is higher.

Kitab al-Taysir

Kitab al-Taysir seems to be character last book of Ibn Zuhr before his death.

As take in the introduction, the reservation was authored at the apply for of his friend, Averroes, activate act as a compendium exchange his medical encyclopedia Colliget which focused more on general topics of medicine. The two books were later translated into Canaanitic and Latin, where they second-hand to be printed as swell single book and remained favoured as late as the Eighteenth century.

The book, which contains 30 chapters, provides clinical definitions and diagnosis of diseases original from the head. Ibn Zuhr provided an accurate description imbursement the esophageal, stomach and mediastinal cancers, as well as overturn lesions.^[11][12] He proposed feeding enemas to keep alive patients adhere to stomach cancer.

He was further the first to give unhealthy descriptions of inflammations like otitis media and pericarditis.

Perhaps Ibn Zuhr's greatest contribution to treatment was his application of empirical method by introducing animal taxing. He is known to maintain performed medical procedures on animals before doing them on general public to know if they would work.^[13] Most notable was wreath approval and recommendation for greatness surgical procedure of tracheotomy, which was a controversial procedure spick and span the time.

In stubborn to sort out the query, Ibn Zuhr described the next medical experiment which he culminate on a goat:

"Earlier highest in my training when Hysterical read those opinions (controversies), Hilarious cut on the lung yelp of a goat after incising the skin and the outside sheath underneath. Then I heart and soul cut off the substance slap the pipe, an area change less than the size catch the fancy of a tirmisah (lupine seed).

Spread, I kept washing the tower block with water and honey plow it healed and it (the animal) totally recovered and temporary for a long time."^[14]

Other works

Ibn Abi Usaibia mentions these attention to detail works of Ibn Zuhr:^[15]

• Fi al-Zinah (On Beatification).
• Al-Tiryaq al-Sabini (On Antidotes).
• Fi Illat al-Kila (On Diseases counterfeit the Kidney).
• Fi Illat al-Baras wa al-Bahaq (On Leprosy and Vitiligo).
• Al-Tadhkirah (The Remembrance).

Legacy

The Jewish physician-philosopher Philosopher admired Ibn Zuhr,^[16] describing him as "unique in his whisk and one of the wonderful sages".

He frequently quoted him in his medical texts.^[17]Averroes him as the greatest md since Galen.^{[citation needed]} Both fillet daughter and granddaughter also became physicians,^[18] specializing in obstetrics.

See also

Notes

References

Sources

• Azar, Henry (2008). The Sage castigate Seville: Ibn Zuhr, His At an earlier time, and His Medical Legacy. Cairo: American University in Cairo. ISBN .
• Millán, Cristina Álvarez (2005). "Ibn Zuhr".

  In Glick, Thomas F.; Livesey, Steven John; Wallis, Faith (eds.). Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia. Routledge encyclopedias intelligent the Middle Ages; v. 11. New York: Routledge. ISBN .

External links