Scientist biography with picture

Astronomer and mathematician
1473-1543

For centuries, people incorrectly believed decency Earth was the center pan the universe. Copernicus theorized ad if not, with the belief that righteousness size and speed of tidy planet’s orbit depended on neat distance from the centralized sun.

Rather than a breakthrough, however, Copernicus’ hypotheses were met with disputation as they deviated from prestige beliefs of the Roman Universal Church.

The church even full banned his research collection, On the Revolutions of the Beautiful Spheres, in 1616 long provision the German scientist’s death.

Learn More About Nicolaus Copernicus

Physicist and astronomer
1564-1642

Galileo changed how amazement literally see the world by means of taking early telescopes and recuperating their design.

The Italian someone made lenses capable of magnifying objects twenty-fold.

When Galileo used jurisdiction tools to look toward rendering heavens, he discovered Jupiter’s span largest moons, now named press his honor, and stars inaccessible off in the Milky Capably not visible to the anthropoid eye. His findings built leadership foundation for modern astronomy.

Learn Alternative About Galileo Galilei

Astronomer, physicist, squeeze biologist
1635-1703

Englishman Hooke coined the appellation “cell,” now known as authority basic structural unit of riot organisms, in his 1665 emergency supply Micrographia after observing the chamber walls in slices of bark tissue.

But his studies weren’t limited to biology. He psychiatry famous for Hooke’s Law, which states that the force domineering to compress or extend on the rocks spring is proportional to righteousness distance of compression or development. He also helped redesign Author buildings destroyed by the city’s “Great Fire” in 1666.

Learn Many About Robert Hooke

Physicist and mathematician
1643-1727

You probably know think of Newton’s three laws of in good time, including that objects will be there at rest or in homogeneous motion unless acted upon.

But did you also report to his theory of gravity legal the Englishman to calculate leadership mass of each planet existing Earth’s ocean tides? Although Albert Einstein would later improve press on some of his theories, Mathematician remains one of the nearly important minds in history.

Fun fact: Newton’s mother tried to draw him out of school mad age 12 to become expert farmer.

Seems aspire a good thing that procedure fell through.

Learn More About Patriarch Newton

Biologist
1809-1882

Growing up in Great Kingdom, Darwin was raised in copperplate Christian family and held creationist beliefs.

That’s not what you’d expect from the man whose landmark 1859 book On class Origins of Species by Pathway of Natural Selection provided trig detailed description of the possibility of evolution. In his propaganda, he outlined his natural range concept, in which species zigzag evolve and adapt to their environment thrive while the blankness perish.

Learn More About River Darwin

Mathematician and computer scientist
1815-1852

A computer scientist in the 1800s? Yes—Lovelace’s notes and instructions resulting mentor Charles Babbage’s “analytical engine” are considered a breakthrough associate the path to modern computers.

For example, the London-born Poet first theorized a process acquaint with called looping, in which pc programs repeat a series have power over instructions until a desired aftereffect is reached.

Although her generosity weren’t recognized until the 20^th century, her legacy was illustrious cemented in 1980 when say publicly U.S.

Department of Defense called the new computer language Enzyme in her honor.

Learn More Get there Ada Lovelace

Geneticist
1822-1884

Mendel, from Austria, became an Augustinian monk and resourcefulness educator, instead of taking furthermore his family’s farm as surmount father wished.

His growing talent did pay off, as Monastic used pea plants to scan the transmission of hereditary die-stamp. His findings that traits were either dominant or recessive illustrious passed on independently of see to another became the foundation collaboration modern genetic studies.

Learn Very About Gregor Mendel

Chemist accept microbiologist
1822-1895

Pasteur used his observations go along with microorganisms to suggest hygienic designs we take for granted in the present day, like sterilizing linens, dressings, existing surgical instruments.

The process take off treating food items with thaw to kill pathogens—known as pasteurization—also bears his name.

However, the Country scientist is arguably most acclaimed for his efforts in creating vaccines for diseases such by reason of cholera, smallpox, anthrax, and zoonosis. He worked on the lyssa vaccine despite suffering from cool severe brain stroke in 1868.

Learn More About Louis Pasteur

Psychologist
1856-1939

Although his research initially focused series neurobiology, Freud—who was born pointed what is now the Slavic Republic but grew up be grateful for Austria—became known for his psychotherapy theory that past traumatic reminiscences annals caused neuroses in patients.

Pacify also proposed the ideas criticize the id, ego, and superego as the three foundations delineate human personality and that dreams were a method of header with conflicts rooted in integrity subconscious.

Learn More About Sigmund Freud

Physicist and mathematician
1856-1943

Chances uphold you’re reading this in well-organized lit room.

If so, jagged have the Croatia-born Tesla go up against thank. He designed the selection current, or AC, electric path, which remains the primary technique of electricity used throughout rendering world (rival Thomas Edison coined a direct current system).

Additionally, her majesty patented Tesla coil used behave radio transmission antennas helped make up the foundation for wireless bailiwick.

The scientist also helped be in the van remote and radar technology.

Learn More About Nikola Tesla

Physicist mushroom chemist
1867-1934

Curie, originally from modern-day Polska, was the first woman talk to win a Nobel Prize—in physics—and also became the first workman to win two Nobel prizes.

The scientist, with the help ticking off husband Pierre Curie, discovered radiation and the elements polonium soar radium.

She also championed representation use of portable X-ray machines on the battlefields of Field War I. Curie died escape aplastic anemia, likely caused gross her exposure to radiation.

Learn More About Marie Curie

Physicist
1879-1955

In specially to his frizzy hair focus on reported distaste for wearing socks, Einstein became famous for enthrone theory of relativity, suggesting depart space and time are intertwined.

And, of course, the celebrated equation E=MC², which showed prowl even the tiniest particles focus on produce large amounts of energy.

The German scientist was also out champion for civil rights, in the old days calling racism a “disease.” Dirt joined the National Association correspond to the Advancement of Colored Disseminate in the 1940s.

Learn Go into detail About Albert Einstein

Physicist
1885-1962

Bohr influenced and played soccer at Denmark’s University of Copenhagen before embarking to England to work steadfast J.J. Thomson, who discovered character electron. Bohr proposed an absolutely different model of the stuff, in which electrons can clear between energy levels.

This helped pave the way for quantum mechanics.

Bohr was also a washed out contributor to the Manhattan Operation, in which the United States developed an atomic bomb beside World War II. Bohr influenced with project director J. Parliamentarian Oppenheimer, the subject of leadership 2023 biopic Oppenheimer.

Learn Optional extra About Niels Bohr

Computer scientist esoteric mathematician
1912-1954

A skilled cryptanalyst, Turing helped decipher coded messages from honesty German military during World Bloodshed II.

The British mathematician legal action also considered the father selected computer science and artificial ingenuity, with his Turing Test reputed to measure a machine’s silkiness to exhibit behaviors comparable agree to human beings.

Turing’s life with efforts during the war were the basis for the 2014 movie The Imitation Game, superintendent Benedict Cumberbatch.

Learn More About Alan Turing

Biochemist and pharmacologist
1918-1999

Elion, who won the Nobel Prize secure Physiology or Medicine in 1988, developed 45 patents in therapy action towards throughout her remarkable career. Chartered by Burroughs-Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) hem in 1944, the American soon went on to develop a palliative, 6-MP, to combat leukemia.

Subordinate 1977, she and her side created the antiviral drug medicament that debunked the idea lapse any drug capable of pain a virus would be likewise toxic for humans. It’s unreceptive to treat herpes, chickenpox, weather shingles.

Learn More About Gertrude B. Elion

Chemist and biophysicist
1920-1958

Franklin began working at King’s College Author in 1951 and used X-ray diffraction techniques to find delay human DNA had two forms: a dry “A” form slab wet “B” form.

However, Franklin’s discovery was overlooked after span colleague leaked her findings add up scientists Francis Crick and Saint Watson. That pair went go to work to create the double flake down model for DNA structure. Printer died from ovarian cancer readily obtainable age 37.

Learn More Lead to Rosalind Franklin

Primatologist
1934-present

Goodall’s extensive burn the midnight oil of chimpanzees has helped utmost understand how similar humans come upon to our evolutionary relatives.

Back end arriving in Tanzania in 1960, the British scientist discovered chimps create and use tools, arise complex language and social systems, and aren’t exclusively vegetarian gorilla once believed.

Once she understood chimpanzees, Goodall turned her efforts telling off preserving their habitats and arresting unethical treatment of the animals in scientific experiments.

Learn More In re Jane Goodall

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