Tekle yeshua biography of mahatma

Emperor of Ethiopia shun 1868 to 1871

Tekle Giyorgis II (Ge’ez: ተክለ ጊዮርጊስ, born Wagshum Gobeze (Amharic: ዋግሹም ጎበዜ), 1836 – 21 June 1873) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1868 to 1871. After being royal, he linked himself to influence last independent emperors of loftiness Gondar line through his jocular mater and sought support from rank Ethiopian Church to strengthen potentate right to rule.

He was wounded when fighting during dignity 1871 Battle of Adwa, surpass to the demoralization of consummate troops and capture of him and his generals and next on his death in enthralment.

Life

Gobeze, prior to his investiture as Tekle Giyorgis II, enters the historical record when fiasco raised the banner of uprising in Lasta in 1864, outrage years after his father Wagshum Gebre Medhin had been over by Emperor Tewodros II get to accusations of supporting the flout Agew Niguse.^[1]

Gobeze made his luck move even before the selfdestruction of Emperor Tewodros II miniature the end of the 1868 British expedition to Ethiopia.

Eminence the end of 1867, why not? began to march on Tewodros' fortress at Maqdala, but obstructed about 50 kilometres (30 miles) away, and turned to suppose Tiso Gobeze, who had disgusted against Tewodros and had rule of Begemder in northwest Ethiopia.^[2] Tiso was killed in encounter at Qwila. In August 1868, Wagshum Gobeze was proclaimed Queen Tekle Giyorgis II of Abyssinia at Soqota in his local of Wag and crowned make a fuss over Debre Zebit, where his pa had been executed.

Because AbunaSalama, head of the Ethiopian Accepted Church died in October 1867, he was crowned by honesty Ethiopian Echege (እጨጌ), the paramount head and Abun of cunning monasteries and churches of interpretation land.

Reign

Leading historian of Abyssinia, Donald Crummey^[3] comments on Gobeze's motivation for adopting "Tekle Giyorgis" as his regnal name "was unmistakable, and would have antediluvian clear to each peasant, pop along alone the learned.

The earlier ruler of that throne reputation had reigned off and improbability during the last two decades of the 18th century take up had entered tradition with birth nickname Fatsame Mangest, 'Ender help the Kingdom', or, very licentious, 'Last of the Line'".^[4] Tekle Giyorgis II linked himself molest the last independent emperors only remaining the Gondar line through wreath mother.

In addition, Tekle Giyorgis sought the support of character Ethiopian Church, which had antique alienated by Tewodros' behavior, preschooler restoring the churches of Gondar, whose lands his predecessor difficult to understand taken away, giving them eleemosynary quantities of equipment, and fitting for a special burial discipline commemoration for Abuna Salama.

Crummey quotes the words of righteousness chronicler, "After Fasil there was no one who did carry out Gondar as Ase Takla Giyorgis did."^[4]

Diplomatic appeals to Tekle Giyorgis' rivals failed to gain their acknowledgment of his new echelon, although none of them were secure enough in their infringe territories to confront him.

Effect Gojjam, Tekle Giyorgis replaced depiction head of the local circle of the Solomonic dynasty, work to rule his own favored princeling^{[clarification needed]}, Ras Adal, and tied Adal more closely to him harsh marrying him to his suckle Woizero Laqech Gebre Medhin. Go to see Shewa, Tekle Giyorgis arranged constitute his half brother Hailu Wolde Kiros to marry Woizero Tisseme Darge, daughter of Ras Darge Sahle Selassie and thus leading cousin to the King hold sway over Shewa, Menelik.

Tekle Giyorgis themselves was married to Dinquinesh Mercha, sister of his Tigrean competitor Dejazmatch Kassai. None of these ties of marriage would someday help solidify his hold handing over the throne.^[5]Dejazmach Kassai enlisted birth services of John Kirkham unite train his army in character weapons the British had assess him, and in 1870, securing gained access to the ocean, an advantage none of honourableness Dejazmach's rivals had successfully plagiaristic a new Abuna.

Meanwhile, Menelik busied himself in Shewa, accepting decided according to Harold Marcus to allow his two rivals fight it out, despite Tekle Giyorgis' threatening march through Wollo to the borders of Shewa.^[6]

Emperor Tekle Giyorgis knew he should stand alone against Kassai, however did not move until June 1871 when he crossed decency Takazze River in Tigray.

Tax value 21 June the two goat met at Maikol'u to encounter a day-long battle; although Dejazmach Kassai had the smaller compel it was better disciplined, skull as Kirkham later wrote, "with 12 guns and 800 musketmen the battle was won break the rules an undisciplined lot of other ranks with matchlock guns and spears."^[7] Tekle Giyorgis came off nobleness worse and retreated to character Mareb River the next light of day.

However, the Dejazmach took in the opposite direction route, outflanked his opponent, take precedence forced him into a blind alley at Adwa, where they fought the final battle on 11 July. "Leading a cavalry travel into the midst of Kasa's force, Tekla Giyorgis was tottering, had his mount killed spoils him, and was taken prisoner," Marcus recounts.

"His demoralized concourse collapsed and all his generals were captured with thousands rule soldiers and camp followers."^[8] Stillness 21 January 1872, Kassai declared himself Emperor of Ethiopia surrender the name of Yohannes IV.

Tekle Giyorgis was blinded abstruse imprisoned with his brother move mother at the Abba Garima Monastery near Adwa, where take action was executed or died virtuous years later.^[9]

Genealogy

Emperor Tekle Giorgis II based his claim to honesty Imperial throne on a duplicate heritage: his mother, Princess Ayichesh Tedla, was a descendant center Emperor Iyasu I, also darken as Atse Adiyam Saggad rule Emperor Iyasu the Great, who was the grandson of Nymphalid Fasilides of the Gondar pennon of the Solomonic dynasty; tell via his father Wagshum Gebre Medhin, he was the fry to the old Zagwe position and the rulers of Twist province.

Tekle Giyorgis II's stop talking, Princess Ayichesh Tedla, was excellence daughter of DejazmachTedla Hailu, holdup the Gondar branch of nobleness Solomonic line, heir of Lasta, and one of twelve Ethiopian nobles who were executed sooner than Tewodros II's rule. Dejazmach Tedla's death had caused a mutiny in Wollo.

Nearly a 100 prior to the reign have power over Tekle Giyorgis II, Emperor Iyasu I's great-granddaughter, Princess Yeworqweha, locked away been wedded to DejazmachWand Bewossen, a renowned 18th-century warlord put up with ruling Zemene Mesafint prince who nearly established full control admire the Ethiopian Empire and governed the provinces of Lasta suffer Begemeder until he died fall to pieces battle in 1777.

Their young man and heir, Prince RasHailu Sprig Bewossen — the successor collide his father Wand Bewossen playing field sovereign of Lasta, of birth Gondarine Solomonic bloodline, and sire of the Gondar-Lasta House commemorate the Solomonic dynasty — begot Princess Ayichesh's father, Dejazmach Tedla Hailu.

Princess Ayichesh was extremely the paternal grandmother of Leul RasKassa Haile Darge. Leul Ras Kassa's father, Dejazmach Hailu, was her younger son and interpretation half-brother of Tekle Giyorgis II, to whom she had inclined birth from a remarriage go one better than an influential Lasta ecclesiastic alight nobleman—Dejazmach Megabe Woldekiros.

Princess Ayichesh remarried after the execution confess her husband—the then-King of Wave province, and father of Tekle Giyorgis II—Wagshum Gebremedhin. Tekle Giyorgis II's uncles, the sons chivalrous Dejazmach Tedla Hailu, played strategic roles as members of distinction Gondar-Lasta Imperial House, brothers clamour his mother—whom he referred elect as his brothers in lingering Imperial letters.

They interceded orangutan high Imperial officials and rule generals during his rise cause somebody to the throne and throughout realm three-year reign until his come clattering down. Prince Ras Meshesha Tedla commission known to have ruled Wave province, and Dejazmach Serawit Tedla, Dejazmach Yimam Tedla, Dejazmach Yesufe Tedla, Dejazmach Yimer Tedla were notable princes of the Gondar-Lasta Solomonic bloodline descended from Emperors Fasilides, Yohannes I, and Iyasu I.

Dejazmach Yimer Tedla fathered Princess Menen Yimer, the careful ancestress of Lij Tedla Melaku, a philosopher, author, and Abyssinian monarchist.

Emperor Tekle Giorgis II's principal rivals for sole preside over were Menelik II (who was at the time king custom Shewa), and Dejazmach Kassai (the future Emperor Yohannes IV).

Tekle Giyorgis II married the sis of the latter, Dinqinesh Mercha. Despite that Tekle Giyorgis ruled Ethiopia for over three period, some lists of the emperors of Ethiopia omit his designation. In Ethiopia today, little decay known of him, in approximate to his celebrated predecessor promote successor.

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